Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.  Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of ear...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.  Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of ear...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.  Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of ear...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.  Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of ear...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen. Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of early American...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.  Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of ear...

Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of early American naturalization and immigration events, politics, and jurispruden...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.  Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of ea...

Paper Son: Chinese American Citizen.Chinese immigration to America was unique for various reasons.  All of this is the subject of my new series. I begin with the historical account of early American naturaliz...

After the war, earnest efforts were made to form a coalition government with the Guomindang and the communists.  When that failed the civil war between the two rekindled. The roughly three-year extension of the civil war saw th...

The war with Japan devastated the Nanjing Government, her military, and China.  The Nationalists had survived the war and still remained in power.  Their failures, however, particularly late in the war, and at the nation’s greatest ti...

The Sino-Japanese War ends.  Japan’s surrender, a momentous event, also ended World War II.  A victory certainly for China and the Allied Powers.  It left, however, many geo-political questions and issues.  The war with Japa...

China’s war against Japan eventually merged into the greater world war.  Particularly after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan became a central concern to the Allies, especially the United States. Soon after the Japanese began t...

Did the second united front between the Nationalists and the Communists solidly meld the two sides together, or was that merely an illusion?  We find out in this episode.   By 1939, the United States was loaning money to t...

The second Sino-Japanese War began in July 1937.  Which side started it can be debated.  We do know it was an eight-year horror show.  It would overlap and influence the coming second world war.  The opening actions of the J...

The relatively short time span from 1927, after the Nationalists’ creation of the Nanjing Government, to 1937, at the start of the Sino-Japanese war, makes it difficult to evaluate that government.  Today, there are mixed views. <...

Beginning in 1927, Mao Zedong and Zhu De grew the Communist Red Army from a small force of maybe 5,000 troops to over 250,000 troops by 1933. Despite the progressive antagonism and military attacks by the Nationalist forces, the communist learn...

If the 1920 decade was not enough drama, stay tuned for the even more dramatic 1930s.  The decade tested the new Nationalist government in Nanjing, its leader, Chiang Kai-shek, and China. Internationalism was tossed.  Ever so visible ...

The new National government in Nanjing begins.  For most of its existence it was led by Chiang Kai-Shek and his Guomindang cadre.  Many parts of China were united for the first time since 1916.  It was an uneasy unity facing many...

There were many reasons for the Peking (Beiyang) government’s failure.  Its fecklessness led to the organization and planning of the massive nationalist campaign in China in the 1920s. Its goal was to unify China and expel or neutralize fo...

The May 4, 1919, demonstrations (or revolution, as it is referred to sometimes) opened a public discourse in China over the nation’s past and future direction.  It was partially precipitated by the betrayal China received from the Paris Pe...

After Yuan Shikai’s death in 1916, the next twelve years pitted regional warlords against each other for control of the national government.  This period of time is known as the Beiyang Warlord Era.  China only had limited invo...

Spring of 1912, and Yuan Shikai is the first president of the Republic of China.  He was given considerable powers, and quickly moved to consolidate it. The newly elected legislative assemblies, both national and provincial, were new polit...

The roughly forty-year period, between the fall of the imperial Qing Dynasty to the inauguration of the People’s Republic of China, is a complex, confusing, and ambiguous era in the history of China.  The era is defined by powerful and vio...

This series will cover the roughly 40-to-50-year period of Chinese history.  It will cover the waning years of the imperial Qing Dynasty to the inauguration of Communist China and the Chinese Nationalist resettlement on Taiwan.  A fas...